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Increasing population in the world, developing technologies and industrialization sourced general public use trade centers, high buildings, hotels, schools, hospitals, subways bring risk of fire and pecuniary&non-pecuniary costs along with.
The first way of preventing and minimizing the loss of life and property costs, passes by eliminating or reducing facts that can cause fires. It shouldn’t be forgotten that the golden rule of fire protection is preventing fire eruption rather than extinguishing it.
The reaction and resistance to fire characteristics of the materials which are used in cables in construction products and the one that is basic of electrical systems, came into prominence. Cables keep operating at possible fire moment, providing continuity and minimizing the emission of harmful, poisonous gases which negatively affect human health as much as possible, producing the reaction and resistance to fire class with high grade materials which become even more important for safety of life and property.
For cable sector, CPR (Construction Products Regulation)
contains the requirements of the harmful substances emission with
reaction to fire and fire resistance performance of the power, control
and communication cables used in any construction in fixed
installations, including building and substructure. Besides, it
necessities the decleration of performance against fire and CE marking
of the cables used in constructions.
As only CE decleration is required in accordance with LVD (Low Voltage
Directive) for cables for free movement in Europian Union and
manufacturer’s decleration is accepted for this directive, Declaration
of Performance (DoP) has been obligatory for adding CE marking after
CPR.
For cables, EN 50575 standard will be compulsory starting from the
first of July, 2017 and the companies which will make cable sales or
distribution, will legally be able to request from cable manufacturers
to prepare Declaration of Performance (DoP) belonging to the product
and putting CE marking on the product.
Bacis necessities of CPR for cables:
1.Supporting safety requirements at fire condition
- Reaction to fire performance (EN 50575 and 13501-6)
- Resistance to fire performance (P and PH classification)
2.Supporting hygiene, health and environment requirements
- Emission of dangerous substances
In 2015 July, EN 50575 standard has been published which determines
CPR’s control, communication and power cables’ reaction to fire
performance criterias and test methods of these criterias. This
standard organises the performance classes without getting on a cable
based performance limitation and competency criterias belonging to
these performance classes.
EN 50575 standard refers to test standards below,
EN 13501-6: Fire classification of construction products and
building elements - Part 6: Classification using data from reaction to
fire tests on electric cables.
EN ISO 1716: Reaction to fire tests of products - Determination of the gross heat of combustion (calorific value).
EN 50399: Common test methods for cables under fire conditions-Heat
release and smoke production measurement on cables during flame spread
test - Test apparatus, procedures, results.
EN 60332-1: Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions.
EN 60754-2: Tests on gases evolved during combustion of materials from cables.
EN 61034-2: Measurement of smoke density of cables burning under defined conditions.
Reaction to Fire Classification and Test Methods (EN 50575)
In sum:
We conclude that;
- Aca class cables are limited according to heat occured as a result of combustion,
- B1ca, B2ca, Cca and Dca classes are the various classes of cable types decreasing fire risks, (in regard to heat propogation, flame propogation speed, smoke density, dripping characteristic during burning and corrosive gasses occurence)
- Eca class cables are classified according to only for flame propogation on one cable,
- For Fca class cables, no fire performance are demanded.
Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance (AVCP)
In order to publish DoP concerning power, control and communication
cables which was classified according to En 13501-6 and Reaction
classification against fire tested according to test methods,
Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance (AVCP)
procedures (as System 1+, System 3 or System 4) have to be applied.
After these procedures are fulfilled, CE marking could be enclosed on
the product.
CE Marking
After providing the reguirements in EN 50575 standard, CE marking and
additional information is enclosed on cable label like the sample seen
below.
Declaration of Performance (DoP)
Every company legally has to prepare a Decleration of Performance (DoP)
for their product, comprising EN 50575 standard containing product
code, purpose of use and reaction to fire performance information,
before putting on related market.
Market Observation and Inspection
At different parts of the constructions, which cables are to be used
providing reaction to fire performance, is being defined with
regulations and laws. In our country, this job has been given to
Ministry of Environment and Urbanisation. Within this scope, in the
regulation about protection buildings from fires, in sections about
electric installment and cables, the revisions have to be made as part
of CPR. Also becoming conscious about this subject for individuals and
companies who give engineering service , making right decisions about
chosing material , will hinder loss of life and property that can occur
in later periods and will avoid possible legal sanctions as well. By
the ministry, actions will be taken about risky construction products
by making market observation and inspection. If the manufacturer does
not take necessary corrective precautions during the specified period,
by the ministry, it is stated that all kind of precautions will be
taken for prohibiting and delimiting the construction product kept in
the country market, recalling or withdrawing the construction product
from the market.
CPR which will be necessarily implemented starting from 1 July 2017, if
it brings CE marking on product labels and Declaration of
Performance (DoP) for the manufacturers or the distributors who wants to
sell or distribute cables to European Union countries, as Erse Kablo,
this subject is being evaluated by us as importance of safety of life
and property of our partners.
By evaluating CPR in the frame of our quality perspective to our
products, with reaction and resistance to fire standards in the most
comprehensive way, our mover and shaker leader company in weak current
cable sector in this regard, we are honored to share with you valuable
partners that, both the performance declaration tests of our cables
in certified laboratories are proceeding at full steam and our
laboratory investment, which came to a state of equipped with our
international standards and latest technology devices, has been
completed. Thus, by carrying out EN 50399, EN 60332-1-2 and additional
classification tests (EN 61034-2 and EN 60754-2) in our laboratories, we
will be able to both provide performance continuity and present you
faster solutions. With our sustainable quality awareness, with caring
standards, we will continue to inform our partners, domestic/foreign
customers and our sector with technical bulletins and educations about
CPR.
Şişli, İstanbul / Turkey
